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Green Belt

时间:2024-10-20 11:54:45

TheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltpursuessustainabledevelopment

TheauthorisdirectoroftheJiangsuYangtzeEconomicBeltResearchInstitutePresidentXiJinpingelaboratedonthenationalstrategyofdevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltaspartofeffortstoachievenationalrejuvenationinhisApril26speechinWuhan,capitalofcentralChina鈥檚HubeiProvince.Xianalyzedtheproblemsandchallengesfacingthedevelopmentofthisarea.Hestressedthatitmustavoidoverexploitation,developinawell-protectedenvironmentandnevercrosstheecologicalredline.

Confrontingchallenges

TheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisatypicalbasineconomythatinvolveswaterways,roads,ports,riverbanks,industries,cities,biology,wetlandsandtheenvironment.ItspopulationandGDPbothaccountfor40percentofthecountry鈥檚total.Thebeltpassesthrough11provincesandmunicipalities,withhundredsofbig,mediumandsmallcities,linkingChina鈥檚north,south,westandeast.Inthe1990s,eachcitylauncheditsowndevelopmentplan.Thougheconomiccooperationzonesandcitycircleswereestablishedincertainareas,enthusiasmforintegrativedevelopmentofabroaderareawasnothigh,which,tosomeextent,resultedinhomogenizedandfragmentedindustries.

Inrecentyears,theYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltwasover-burdenedwithshipping,hydraulicengineering,miningandelectricitygeneration,amongotherfunctions.Industrialparksandheavychemicalindustrieswerebuiltandhazardouschemicalsshipped,bothofwhichposedhiddendangerstothearea.Theseproblemsarecloselylinkedwithpublicsafety,economicdevelopmentandsocialsecurity,callingforachangeinthecurrentdisjointedmanagementmodealongthebelt.Moreover,thereisstillgreatpotentialalongtheYangtzeRiver,withlessthan20percentofitscapacitytapped.

TheYangtzeRiverDeltapoolsmanytalent,universitiesandresearchinstitutions,givingitatechnology-andknowledge-intensiveeconomy.Thenextstepistoprioritizetheserviceeconomy.Theothertwocross-regionalcityclusters,themiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiverandChengdu-Chongqing,andthetworegionalcitygroups,centralGuizhouandYunnan,lagbehindinthesecondaryandtertiaryindustries.IntheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,industrializationandurbanizationremainthefocus.Thisregionalimbalanceisanobstacletotherealizationofgreendevelopmentalongthebelt.

Sustainabledevelopment

Atthe2014CentralEconomicWorkConference,theconstructionoftheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltwaselevatedtoanationalstrategy.Sincethen,ithasembarkedonthepathofcoordinatingecologicalprotectionwiththegoalofgreenandsustainabledevelopment.

Notableresultshavebeenachievedinecologicalprotectionandrestoration.Waterqualityin22keysectionsalongtheYangtzeRiver鈥檚mainstreamallmeetsorexceedsthethirdgrade,astandardforthesourcesofdrinkingwater.ThePM2.5andPM10concentrationineightprovincesandcitiesalongtheriverdropped,withmajorpollutantsinsixprovincialcapitalcitiesreducedby2percentyearonyear.Thegreendevelopmentindexin11provincesandcitiesaveraged80.4in2016.Theareahasalsotakingtheleadnationwideinsevenrealms,includingresourceutilizationandenvironmentalmanagement.Theannualrankingsinecologicaldevelopmentofsevenprovincesandcitiesmadeittothetop10nationwide.

China鈥檚independentinnovationcapabilityisalsocontinuouslyimproving.Whileplanningthelayoutofanationalcenterformanufacturinginnovation,thecountryhasalsospedupthebuildingoftheShanghaiZhangjiangComprehensiveNationalScienceCenter,theHefeiComprehensiveNationalScienceCenterandnationallaboratoriesformarineengineeringandairpollutionmonitoring.

Inaddition,citiesalongtheYangtzeRiverhavecarriedoutpoliciestosupportthedevelopmentoftheintelligentindustry.InShanghai,intelligentmanufacturingprojectshavebeeninitiated;inWuhan,aCityofRobotsisbeingforgedwithafocusonindustrialrobots;inHefei,aChineseSpeechValleyjointlybuiltbytheMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyandtheAnhuiProvincialGovernmentwillserveasafootholdforthedevelopmentoftheintelligentindustry.

In2015,theproportionofthetertiaryindustryexceededthatofthesecondaryoneforthefirsttimeintheregion,abigchangeintheindustrialstructure.In2016,theratioofthethreeindustrieswas8.10:42.88:49.02,adecreaseof1percentintheprimaryindustry,6.2percentinthesecondaryindustryandanincreaseof7.2percentinthetertiaryonecomparedto2012.

Therapiddevelopmentoftheemergingindustrylendssupporttothedevelopmentofthebelt.Specifically,next-generationinformationtechnologies,suchasintegratedcircuits,paneldisplays,theInternetofThings,cloudcomputing,artificialintelligenceandBigData,havegatheredmomentuminChongqing,Wuhan,Hefei,NanjingandShanghai.TheWuhanOpticsValleyexcelsinphotoelectronics,forexample.

TheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisthemainbattlefieldforachievinganewtypeofurbanization.Itismovingforwardrapidly,persistingwithgreendevelopment,asteadyincreaseineconomicaggregate,rapidper-capitaGDPgrowthandstronglocalfinance.Bytheendof2016,theurbanizationlevelsinseveralcitiesalongthebeltwerehigherthanthenationalaverageof57.4percent.Shanghaiwasat87.9percent,Jiangsuat67.7percent,Zhejiangat67.0percent,Chongqingat62.6percentandHubeiat58.1percent.InJanuary2016,aninterprovincialconsultationandcooperationmechanismcoveringthewholeriverbasinwasinitiatedandabasicframeworkformultilevelcoordinationwascreated.

Qualitydevelopment

UndertheguidanceofXi鈥檚Wuhanspeech,theYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisadheringtotheprincipleofprioritizingecologicalprotectionandgreendevelopment.Throughcoordinatedandbalanceddevelopment,itaimstoimprovethequalityofeconomicprogress,increasingitsefficiencyandtransforminggrowthdriverstobuilditselfintoazonewithgoodecology,streamlinedtransportation,acoordinatedeconomy,aunifiedmarketandsoundinstitutions.

MeasurestobeundertakenincludepromotinggreendevelopmentintheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltinacoordinatedandbalancedwayandprotectingitsecologicalenvironment.Jointpreventionandcontrolofpollutionandcomprehensivemanagementoftheenvironmentwillbestrengthened,promotingwaterpollutiontreatment,repairoftheaquaticecologyandprotectionofaquaticresources.Anegativelistwillbeintroducedandthemoststrictregulationsandlawswillbeimplementedtoestablishharmoniousrelationsbetweenpeopleandnatureandagreenecologicalcorridor.

Furthermore,promotinggreen,cyclicandlow-carbonregionaldevelopmentwillalsobeapriority.Thiswillincludemakingfulluseofmarket-orientedmeans;improvingthemechanismsofpricing,resourcesandtheenvironment;upgradingtraditionalindustries;andpromotingtechnologicalinnovationandgreenfinance.

Itiscrucialtoimprovethemulti-modetransportsystemandbuildasafe,convenient,greenandlow-carboncomprehensivetransportnetwork.ThereisastrategytointegratetheconceptofecologicalprogressintotheconstructionofanurbanagglomerationalongtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBelt,includingaworldclassurbanagglomerationecosystemintheYangtzeRiverDelta.Theregionaimstobecomearesource-conservingandenvironmentallyfriendlyareaandanecologicalshieldinthemiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiver.

Balancedandcoordinateddevelopmentalsopromotesregionalpoolingofresourcesforscienceandtechnologyandinnovation.Acooperationmechanismwillbeestablishedandadvancedtoimprovetheefficiencyofcoordinatedinnovation.ItwillgivefullplaytotheleadingroleoftheShanghaiGlobalCenterforScienceandInnovationandbuildacrossregionalinnovationcooperationalliance.Itsgoalistodevelopthecoretechnologiesofintelligentmanufacturing,newenergy,newmaterials,theInternetofThings,BigDataandaerospace.Itwillcollaborativelyconductscientificresearchandindustrializationapplicationdemonstration.Atthesametime,theregionwillstrengthensup-portforinnovativecapital,marketandtalenttofosterandexpandgreentechnologyinnovationplayersandforindustrialtransformationandupgrading.

World-classmanufacturinginnovationcentersandscienceandtechnologythinktanksatimportantnodeswillbesetup.In10provincialcapitalcitiesandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment,anetworkedlayoutwillbedesignedtomakecomprehensivemanufacturinginnovationcentersandbuildamanufacturinginnovationnetworkcoveringthewholebasininordertomeettheneedsofthedevelopmentofregionalinnovationengines.

Additionally,acoordinatedandbalancedmoderneconomicsystemisplanned.Itwillacceleratethebuildingofaunifiedbigmarket.Thiscallsforbreakingadministrativebarriersbetweenregions,acceleratinginterconnectivity,advancingariverporttransportationsystem,buildingacomprehensivetransportationcorridorandimprovingthefunctionsofthegoldenwaterwayandtraffichubs.Industrialtransferandflowofproductionfactorswillalsobeaccelerated.Supportwillbegiventostrategiccooperationinbuildingindustrialparksandindustrialenclavestoforgecomplementaryadvantagesandpromotewin-wincooperationintheregion.

Toadvancesupply-sidestructuralreformalongthebelt,thegovernmentwill,ontheonehand,supportreformandinnovationandfindnewgrowthdrivers.Atthesametime,itwillcutbackwardandexcessproductioncapacity.Itwillendeavortoformamodernindustrialcorridorwithahighdegreeofagglomerationandstronginternationalcompetitiveness.Itwillpromotethecentralizedtreatmentandrecyclingofwasteinindustrialparksandpushforwardindustrialtransformationandupgradingalongtheriver.Concertedeffortswillbemadetoexpandproductionservicesinthebasinandshiftmanufacturingfromproduction-orientedtoserviceoriented.Relyingontheconstructionofatopurbanagglomeration,wheredifferentregionsadvancetheirownrespectiveadvantagestostriveforcoordinatedandhigh-qualitydevelopment,aworld-classindustrialclusterwillbebuilt.

AnewpatternofopeningupoftheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltwillbeshapedbyharmoniousandbalanceddevelopment.Thebuildingoffreetradezones(FTZ)willbeaccelerated,andasthe11provincesandcitiesalongtheriveroverlapwiththefiveFTZsinShanghai,Zhejiang,Hubei,ChongqingandSichuan,therewillbegoodopportunitiestocreateaninternational,market-orientedandlaw-basedbusinessenvironment.Asaresult,theorderlyopeningupofpublicandproductionservices,financeandtheenhancementofthefunctionsoftheFTZswillbepromoted.Freetradeportswillalsobebuilttoelevatethebelt鈥檚openeconomytoahigherlevel.

AllofthesemeasureswillsynceffectivelywiththemassivetransnationalundertakingoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.Itwillactasacatalyst,complementingactivitythatpromotesdevelopmentundertheinitiative.Itwillbethefoundationuponwhichtheseonce-in-an-eraundertakingswillflourishandreachtheirdevelopmentalpotential.

Abird鈥檚-eyeviewoftheYangluoPortinWuhan,HubeiProvince,locatedinthemiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiver,onAugust13XINHUAThearticlewasfirstpublishedonChinaTodayCopyeditedbyRebecaToledoCommentsto
   

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